What is Proud-flesh? ( Exuberant Granulation)

The production of exuberant granulation (Proud-flesh) tissue in wounds healing by second intention is a commonly encountered complication in horses and can significantly delay wound healing.

This is especially the case in wounds located in the distal limb. The horse activates connective tissue structures to a greater extent and earlier than other species. Dermal fibrosis and collagen deposition is excessive, elevating the wound above the skin surface. Histologically, granulation tissue (Proud-flesh) is composed of proliferating fibroblasts and endothelial cells in a connective tissue matrix.

Factors which contribute to the development of exuberant granulation tissue (Proud-flesh) include a relatively poor blood supply to the distal limb, local tissue hypoxia, infection, movement and chronic irritation attributable to topical irritants.

Various studies have shown that certain topically applied products may be of benefit, though none of these products have been proven to consistently eliminate exuberant granulation tissue (Proud-flesh) in the distal limb of horses until now.

3 examples of Proud-flesh ( Exuberant Granulation)